What Is CBD? Effects, Safety, and What Product Labels Cannot Tell You
CBD in plain language
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of many compounds found in cannabis. THC is the compound most associated with intoxication. CDC says CBD itself is not impairing and does not cause a "high," but that does not guarantee a product labeled CBD or hemp is free of THC or other ingredients. "Not impairing" does not mean "risk-free."
What FDA has--and has not--evaluated
FDA has approved a prescription CBD medicine for specified seizure disorders. That approval applies to a particular medicine, use, and medical-supervision context. It does not establish that a retail oil, gummy, cosmetic, or other consumer CBD product treats pain, anxiety, sleep trouble, or another condition.
FDA says unapproved CBD products have not been evaluated by the agency to establish whether they work for a claimed condition, an appropriate dose, drug/food interactions, or other safety concerns. FDA has also reported inaccurate product contents and investigated potential contaminants.
Safety questions that matter
FDA identifies potential liver injury and interactions with other medicines. Those concerns are based in part on information about the approved prescription CBD drug; they do not let us calculate your personal risk from an unspecified consumer product. Ask a clinician or pharmacist before combining CBD with prescription medicines, over-the-counter drugs, or supplements. Do not stop prescribed treatment because a product label claims CBD can treat a condition.
How to read the evidence
Look for the exact product, ingredients, amount, route, population, and outcome studied. A study of prescription CBD for a specified seizure disorder is not evidence that an unapproved product treats a different condition. Claims that CBD is "natural," "FDA registered," or "non-intoxicating" do not by themselves demonstrate effectiveness or safety.
For an example of why study findings cannot supply a retail dose, see CBD dosage and pain evidence.
Sources
- CDC: About CBD -- CBD itself is not impairing; some products labeled hemp/CBD may contain THC or other ingredients.
- FDA: Products containing cannabis compounds, including CBD -- FDA's CBD safety, product-evaluation, quality, and interaction cautions.
- FDA: Regulation of cannabis and cannabis-derived products -- U.S. approval and regulatory status.
These are U.S. regulatory sources, not individualized medical advice or a guarantee about a product. Check local rules and current FDA information.