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Cannabis Laws in Switzerland (BetmG, Medical & Pilot Trials)

Understand Swiss cannabis law: medical access under BetmG, FOPH-approved pilot trials for adult-use research, and what remains illegal. Official links included.

Switzerland: Cannabis Law (Overview)

Last updated: October 14, 2025

Legal notice: Informational only, not legal advice. Always verify on admin.ch and linked federal portals. See Legal Disclaimer & No-Warranty.

High-Level Status

  • Recreational: Nationwide legalization not in force. Selected pilot trials allow controlled adult-use sales in participating cities to study impacts (FOPH-approved projects).
  • Medical: Access permitted under Narcotics Act (BetmG) pathways, regulated by Swissmedic/FOPH; exceptional licensing rules apply.
  • Customs/Travel: Import/export rules for medicines and narcotics apply; travelers face quantity and documentation limits.

Core Laws & Concepts (Plain Language)

  • BetmG (Federal Act on Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances): Governs narcotics, including cannabis; activities require licensing/authorization.
  • Medical cannabis: Controlled similarly to other medicines subject to BetmG; Swissmedic supervises the legal flow of medical cannabis.
  • Pilot trials: FOPH authorizes limited adult-use pilots; participants must meet project conditions. Outside pilots, adult-use sale remains prohibited.

Practical Cautions

  • Participation in pilot trials does not equate to nationwide legality.
  • Driving/impairment rules apply; zero tolerance may apply for specific substances—check cantonal/federal guidance.
  • Travelers: Carrying medical narcotics has strict limits and country-of-destination checks.

Keep Learning

Official Legal Sources (Primary)

  • BetmG – Federal Act on Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances (English): Fedlex (official).
  • FOPH – Pilot trials with cannabis: program overview & authorized projects.
  • Swissmedic – Medical cannabis information: agency explainer.
  • Federal Customs – Medicines for personal use (narcotics): traveler guidance.

Scientific Sources & References

All information in this article is backed by credible scientific sources and research studies.